Mark's Music Circus
presents
Music Events of

Births

• 15 April (probable):   DOMENICO GABRIELLI = Italian cellist and composer = [died: 1690]
• June:   JOHANN GEORG AHLE = German organist and composer = [died: 1706]
• 22 July:   FERDINAND TOBIAS RICHTER = Austrian organist and composer = [died: 1711]
• 28 December:   JOHANN KRIEGER = German organist and composer = [died: 1735]

Timeline of Events

• 1 January: Charles II is crowned King of Scotland at Scone.
• 3 February: Muggletonianism inaugurated.
• 14 February to 18 June: A diplomatic team headed by Oliver St John and Walter Strickland is sent to The Hague to negotiate an alliance between the English Commonwealth and the Dutch Republic, in which they are unsuccessful.
• 30 March: Supposed commencement of Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War between the Dutch Republic and Royalist forces in the Isles of Scilly.
• 17 April: English Civil War: Robert Blake's forces attack Tresco, opening a siege of the Isles of Scilly.
• 23 May: English Civil War: Blake takes the surrender of the Isles of Scilly, the last outpost of the Royalist navy.
• 20 July: English Civil War: At the Battle of Inverkeithing in Scotland, the English Parliament's New Model Army defeats a Scottish army loyal to Charles II.
• 25 August: English Civil War: At the Battle of Wigan Lane Royalist troops under James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby are defeated by the New Model Army under Robert Lilburne.
• 3 September: English Civil War: Battle of Worcester - Charles II is defeated in the last main battle of the war.
• 6 September: Charles II hides from pursuing Parliamentarian troops in the Royal Oak tree at Boscobel House in Shropshire.
• 15 October: Escape of Charles II to France from Shoreham in the coal boat Surprise.
• 28 October: Tender of Union: Parliament issues a declaration that England and Scotland should be incorporated into a single commonwealth.


• Also in 1651:
• First coffee house in England opens, in Oxford.
• William Harvey describes organ formation in the developing embryo in De Generatione.
• William Gilbert's A New Philosophy of Our Sublunar World is published posthumously. It theorises that the fixed stars are not all the same distance from Earth, and that the force of magnetism holds the planets in orbit around the Sun.
• Cornelius Vermuyden constructs the first Denver Sluice, an important component in drainage of The Fens.

Publications

• GIOVANNI BATTISTA GRANATA = Nuova scielta di capricci armonici..., a collection of guitar music, published in Bologna
• CLAUDIO MONTEVERDI = Madrigali e canzonette a due e tre voci del signor Claudio Monteverde già Maestro di Cappella della Serenissima Republica di Venetia... Libro nono (ninth book of madrigals a5), published posthumously in Venice
• JOHN PLAYFORD = The English Dancing Master

Opera

• FRANCESCO CAVALLI
• premier of La Calisto, Venice (November 28) and L'Eritrea